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как употребляется слово
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варианты перевода слова
примеры употребления (несколько фраз с переводом)
этимология

Что (кто) такое structural equivalence - определение

TWO DISSIMILAR TRANSLATION APPROACHES

Formal equivalence; Formal Equivalence; Dynamic equivalence; Formal and dynamic equivalence; Idiomatic equivalence; Linguistic equivalence; Cultural equivalence; Dynamical equivalence; Formal translation; Functionally equivalent; Formally equivalent; Dynamic Equivalence; Dynamic equivalent

Weak equivalence (homotopy theory)

MAP THAT INDUCES ISOMORPHISMS IN ALL HOMOTOPY GROUPS

Weak homotopy equivalence; Weak equivalence (mathematics)

In mathematics, a weak equivalence is a notion from homotopy theory that in some sense identifies objects that have the same "shape". This notion is formalized in the axiomatic definition of a model category.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_equivalence_(homotopy_theory)

Ricardian equivalence

ECONOMIC THEORY

Ricardian proposition; Ricardan equivalence hypothesis; Barro-Ricardo theorem; Barro-Ricardo equivalence; Ricardian Equivalence; Ricardan Equivalence Hypothesis; Ricardian theory of rent; Ricardian equivalence theorem; Barro–Ricardo equivalence; Barro–Ricardo equivalence theorem; Barro-Ricardo equivalence theorem

The Ricardian equivalence proposition (also known as the Ricardo–de Viti–Barro equivalence theorem) is an economic hypothesis holding that consumers are forward-looking and so internalize the government's budget constraint when making their consumption decisions. This leads to the result that, for a given pattern of government spending, the method of financing such spending does not affect agents' consumption decisions, and thus, it does not change aggregate demand.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardian_equivalence

Surface equivalence principle

Field equivalence principle; Surface equivalence theorem; Love equivalence principle; Schelkunoff equivalence principle

In electromagnetism, surface equivalence principle or surface equivalence theorem relates an arbitrary current distribution within an imaginary closed surface with an equivalent source on the surface. It is also known as field equivalence principle, Huygens' equivalence principle or simply as the equivalence principle.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_equivalence_principle

Википедия

Dynamic and formal equivalence

The terms dynamic equivalence and formal equivalence, coined by Eugene Nida, are associated with two dissimilar translation approaches that are employed to achieve different levels of literalness between the source and target text, as evidenced in biblical translation.

The two have been understood basically, with dynamic equivalence as sense-for-sense translation (translating the meanings of phrases or whole sentences) with readability in mind, and with formal equivalence as word-for-word translation (translating the meanings of words and phrases in a more literal way), keeping literal fidelity.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic and formal equivalence